sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzsham Ylmn / M / 20 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzlwalkar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE with paresthesias since 00.00.00.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

8 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted images in the dorsal spinal cord over the D1 to D9 vertebral levels, centrally which appears iso to hypointense to normal cord on the T1 Weighted images. No significant increase in the size of the dorsal spinal cord over these levels is noted. A skip lesion of similar signal is noted in the dorsal spinal cord at the D10 and D11 vertebral levels.

The visualized dorsal vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

There is no cord compression.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level.

IMPRESSION :

Altered signal in the dorsal spinal cord over the D1 to D9 vertebral levels, centrally and at the D10 and D11 vertebral levels may suggest myelitis/demyelination. No compressive pathology is identified.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Jolmn / M / 30 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O hoarseness of voice, difficulty in swallowing solids and vomiting since 22 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

After administration of contrast the following parameters were used :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted axial images with magnetization transfer.

3 mm thick SPGR coronal images with fat saturation.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

After contrast administration, there is no focal area of abnormal enhancement within the brain parenchyma or the meninges.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the maxillary sinuses and ethmoidal air cells bilaterally.

IMPRESSION :

No significant abnormality is detected on this study.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Shlmn / M / 76 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzmpat.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain and Intracranial and Neck M.R.A.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O momentary loss of memory since 00.00.00 and mild momentary loss of speech since 00.00.00.
Known hypertensive.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I. of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick Fast Scan (T2 *) and FLAIR coronal images.

Intracranial and neck MRA were performed with 3D TOF and 2D TOF sequences, respectively.

OBSERVATION :

BRAIN :

There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton, T2 Weighted and FLAIR images in the left thalamus, anteriorly. This lesion appears isointense to normal grey matter on the T1 Weighted images.

A small bright focus on the T2 Weighted and FLAIR images is noted in the posterior parietal deep white matter, which may represent an ischemic focus.

There is mild dilatation of both of the lateral and third ventricles. The fourth ventricle is normal.
There is slight prominence of the slight cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and basal cisternal spaces, bilaterally.

There is no shift of the midline structures.

There is no obvious haemorrhage on this study.
....2/.








- 2 -


Mucosal thickening is noted in the maxillary antra, bilaterally.

INTRACRANIAL MRA :

There is ectasia of the vertebro-basilar system.

The petrous, cavernous and supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid arteries bilaterally show normal signal and calibre. The visualized anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, basilar, vertebral and posterior cerebral arteries also show normal signal, calibre and wall margins. The anterior communicating artery on the right side is hypoplastic and may be a normal variant. No obvious aneurysm or vascular malformation is identified.

NECK MRA :

The common carotid arteries and their extracranial branches appear normal bilaterally. There are no vessel wall irregularities or stenosis of the vessels noted.

IMPRESSION :

1. Altered signal in the left thalamus, anteriorly and in the left posterior parietal deep white matter, may represent ischemic focus.

2. Ectatic vertebro-basilar system.

3. No other significant abnormality is detected within the brain parenchyma or on the intracranial and neck MRA on this study.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz.lmn / M / 51 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O involuntary contraction of neck muscles with grimacing of face since 3 months.
C/O involuntary movements of BUE with abnormal posturing since 10 days.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR and Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzar Glmn / M / 50 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzbar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to BLE with paresthesias since 4-6 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a small postero-central protruded disc with peridiscal osteophyte at the L5-S1 level indenting the dural theca anteriorly.

A minimal posterior disc bulge is noted at the L4-L5 level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
17.0 mm at L2-L3
16.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
10.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

A small postero-central protruded disc with peridiscal osteophytes at the L5-S1 level.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzedrafiq lmn / M / 14 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Hippocampal Region.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O seizures since 2 1/2 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the hippocampal region was performed, as requested, using the following parameters :

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

5 mm thick T2 Weighted axial images through the brain.

OBSERVATION :

There is no area of focal altered signal intensity on the T2 Weighted axial images of the brain.

The hippocampal complex on either side is unremarkable.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the paranasal sinuses.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Hippocampal Region.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz A. Chaudlmn / M / 13 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O 3 episodes of headaches, giddiness, fall with loss of consciousness since 6 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the left maxillary antrum with a polyp in the right maxillary antrum and enlarged adenoids.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

sb/ke Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 23 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyz Chauhan.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

H/O typhoid with malaria 1 month back with 2 episodes of seizures. On anti-epileptics.
EEG: left focal abnormality.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

The hippocampal complex is unremarkable on either side.

Both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles are normal. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

Normal study of the Brain.

sb/bv
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzi lmn / F / 32 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrandikar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the LLE with paresthesias since 3 years.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is loss of water content of the L4-L5 intervertebral disc.

A small postero-central protruded disc is noted at the L4-L5 level.

A minimal posterior disc bulge is noted at the L5-S1 level.

Slight left sided facetal hypertrophy is noted at the L5-S1 level.

The lumbar vertebral bodies and the remaining intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.
...2/..













- 2 -



The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal in the sagittal plane are as follows :

12.0 mm at L1-L2

13.0 mm at L2-L3

13.0 mm at L3-L4

11.0 mm at L4-L5

11.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

A small postero-central protruded disc with degeneration at the L4-L5 level.

sb/ke
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz V. Balmn / M / 60 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzwant.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O recurrent left trigeminal neuralgia since 2 years.
H/O RFTC done in 0000.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

3 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is an ill-defined, hyperintense signal on the proton and T2 Weighted images in the left lentiform nucleus extending into the left corona radiata. This lesion appears isointense to normal white matter on the T1 Weighted images.

There is mild fullness of both the lateral ventricles. The third and the fourth ventricles are normal. There is prominence of the cerebral cortical sulci, cerebellar folia and the basal cisternal spaces bilaterally. There is no shift of the midline structures.

The left vertebral artery is probably hypoplastic. Ectasia of the vertebro-basilar system is noted. There is no obvious vascular loop deforming the root exit zone of the seventh and eighth cranial nerves and the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerves on either side.

Inflammatory changes are noted in the right posterior ethmoidal air cells and right mastoid air cells.

IMPRESSION :

1. Altered signal in the left lentiform nucleus extending into the left corona radiata most likely represents an ischemic lesion.

2. Age related cerebral cortical and cerebellar atrophy.