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Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12043

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlal K. lmn / M / 69 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah / Dr. Abc Xyzykar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE:

C/O gradual, progressive weakness of BLE with bladder involvement since 15 days.
H/O laminectomy done over L1 to L5 levels on 00.00.00.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There are posterior disc herniations at the C3-C4, C4-C5 and the C5-C6 levels with compression of the cord and canal stenosis. The spinal cord at these levels shows a hyperintense signal on the T2 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) images suggestive of cord edema/ischemia. Posterior peridiscal osteophytes are also noted at these levels.

Small posterior disc protrusions are noted at the C2-C3 and C6-C7 levels. The cervical intervertebral discs show loss of water content.

Fatty changes are noted in the upper cervical vertebrae.

The rest of the cervical vertebral bodies show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.


The facet joints at the C3-C4, C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels appear hypertrophied.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

The left lobe of the thyroid appears prominent and would required further evaluation.

Incidentally noted is a diffuse hyperintense signal in the which needs further evaluation.

IMPRESSION :

1. Posterior disc herniations with posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the C3-C4, C4-C5 and the C5-C6 levels with cord compression and canal stenosis at these levels. Altered signal of the cord at these levels suggests cord edema/ischemia.

2. Small posterior disc protrusions at the C2-C3 and C6-C7 levels.


Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12042

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzla B. Shlmn / M / 52 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzrekh.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE with paresthesias since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is mild retroplacement of the L4 over the L5 vertebra.

A pseudo-posterior disc herniation with peridiscal osteophyte is seen at the L4-L5 level with anterior indentation of the thecal sac and right neural foraminal narrowing. The L4-L5 facet joint on the right side shows degenerative changes. Slight inferior migration of the disc fragment is noted.

A small postero-central disc herniation is seen at the L3-L4 level.

A left far lateral disc bulge is seen at the L5-S1 level. The L5-S1 facet joint on the left side shows hypertrophic degenerative change with indentation upon the left S1 nerve root.

Schmorls nodes are noted in the dorso-lumbar region.

The dorso-lumbar intervertebral discs show slight loss of water content.
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The lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The rest of the facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the D12-L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

16.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
14.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
13.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Mild retroplacement of the L4 over the L5 vertebra.

2. A pseudo-posterior disc herniation with peridiscal osteophyte at the L4-L5 level with facetal arthropathy on the right side and a tight canal.

3. A small postero-central disc herniation at the L3-L4 level.

4. A left far lateral disc bulge at the L5-S1 level with hypertrophic facetal arthropathy on the left side.









Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12041

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzm Klmn / M / 58 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzdhav.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache radiating to the RLE since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with anterior indentation of the thecal sac and the S1 nerve roots bilaterally. There is inferior migration of the disc fragment which is seen to lie posterior to the S1 vertebral body.

A small posterior disc bulge is seen at the L4-L5 level. This disc shows loss of water content.

There is replacement of the normal marrow of the visualized dorso-lumbar vertebrae by hypointense areas on the T1 Weighted images. These are seen to turn heterogenously hyperintense, (especially the L1, L5 and S1 vertebral bodies) on the T2 Weighted images. The posterior cortex of the L5 and S1 vertebrae appears fuzzy and is breached. Anterior epidural lesion is seen at the L5 and S1 levels.

The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.
- 2 - scan-00001


The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S1 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

19.0 mm at L1-L2
18.0 mm at L2-L3
15.0 mm at L3-L4
14.0 mm at L4-L5
6.0 mm at L5-S1.

The sacro-iliac and the hip joints were screened with 6 mm thick T1 Weighted coronal images and shows replacement of the normal marrow of the sacrum, sacral ala, iliac bones and the visualised femora bilaterally by a hypointense signal on the T1 Weighted images.

IMPRESSION :

1. A postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with
inferior migration of the disc fragment lying posterior to the S1 vertebral body.

2. A small posterior disc bulge at the L4-L5 level.

3. Altered signal of the dorso-lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum, sacral ala, iliac bones and the visualised femora bilaterally as described is not specific for a single etiology.

The differential diagnosis would include,

1. Myeloproliferative disorder.

2. Multiple myeloma.

3. Multiple metastasis.

This signal change is less likely to represent replacement of fatty marrow be red marrow.



Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12039

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyza Shlmn / M / 61 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzhtekar.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O parkinsons disease with gait imbalance and neck stiffness since 1 year.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

4 mm thick Fast Scan (T2 *) coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

Prominent perivascular spaces are noted.

There is slight fullness of both the lateral and the third ventricles. The fourth ventricle is normal. There is prominence of the cortical sulcal spaces bilaterally. The basal cisternal spaces are unremarkable. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

Note is made of a cavum septum vergae.

IMPRESSION :

Age related cerebral atrophy.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12038

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzani Shlmn / M / 65 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Cervical Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE:

C/O gait imbalance with tramulousness of BUE since 2-3 months.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the cervical spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and Fast Scan (T2 *) axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There are small posterior disc herniations at the C2-C3, C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7 and C7-D1 levels with anterior indentation of the thecal sac. Posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the these levels. The cervical intervertebral discs show loss of water content.

The cervical vertebral bodies show normal signal intensity. The joints of Luschka and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The cervical spinal cord shows normal signal intensity.

The atlanto-axial region and the cervico-medullary junction are unremarkable.

The brain was screened with 5 mm thick T2 Weighted axial images and shows mild fullness of both the lateral ventricles and mild inflammatory changes in the right mastoid air cells and right maxillary sinus.

IMPRESSION :

Small posterior disc herniations at the C2-C3, C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7 and C7-D1 levels.


Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12037

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyzlmn / M / 63 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzni.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backache since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is posterior and right far lateral disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with mild indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the right L5 nerve root.

A small posterior disc herniation is seen at the L4-L5 level with anterior indentation of the thecal sac and bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.

A small posterior disc bulge with a right postero-lateral disc herniation is noted at the L3-L4 level with right neural foraminal narrowing.

A small right paracentral disc protrusion with peridiscal osteophyte is seen at the L2-L3 level and a small postero-central disc protrusion with peridiscal osteophyte at the L1-L2 level.

Posterior peridiscal osteophytes are noted at the L1-L2 and L5-S1 levels.

Anterior disc herniations are noted at the L2-L3, L3-L4 and L5-S1 levels. The lumbar intervertebral discs show loss of water content.
..2/.




Slight central wedging of the L2 vertebral body is noted without change in signal intensity.

The lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

14.0 mm at L1-L2
15.0 mm at L2-L3
17.0 mm at L3-L4
17.0 mm at L4-L5
18.0 mm at L5-S1.

IMPRESSION :

1. Posterior and right far lateral disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with mild indentation upon the extraforaminal portion of the right L5 nerve root.

2. A small posterior disc herniation at the L4-L5 level with bilateral neural foraminal narrowing.

3. A small posterior disc bulge with a right postero-lateral disc herniation at the L3-L4 level with right neural foraminal narrowing.

4. A small right paracentral disc protrusion with peridiscal osteophyte at the L2-L3 level and a small postero-central disc protrusion with peridiscal osteophyte at the L1-L2 level.

5. Posterior peridiscal osteophytes at the L1-L2 and L5-S1 levels.







Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12035

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00
Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz R. Harlmn / F / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah. Examination : M.R.I. of the Chest.CLINICAL PROFILE :
C/O fever with loss of appetite and weight, headaches, vomiting, swelling of BLE since 1 month. H/O seizures 1 months ago.
EXAMINATION :
M.R.I. of the chest was performed using the following parameters :7 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.6 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted coronal images.6 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.OBSERVATION :

There is a well-defined, wedge-shaped lesion in the apical segment of the right upper lobe which is hypointense to fat and hyperintense to muscle on the T1 Weighted images. This is seen to turn heterogenously hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images. Few curvilinear hypointense areas are seen within this lesion on all the pulse sequences which would represent an air bronchogram and this lesion would represent an area of collapse consolidation.

Pleural effusion is noted bilaterally with fluid in the interlobar fissure, bilaterally.
The rest of the lung fields appear to be normal. The vascular structures in the mediastinum are normal. The hila bilaterally appear to be normal.scan-00005

No enlarged lymphnodes are identified.The visualized cervico-dorsal vertebral bodies, the sternum and the costochondral joints do not reveal any area of altered signal intensity.IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of an collapse-consolidation in the apical segment of the right upper lobe as described.

Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12034

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz R. Hallmn / F / 12 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyzah.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Brain.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O fever with loss of appetite and weight, headaches, vomiting and swelling of BLE. H/O seizures 1 month ago.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the brain was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted, proton and T2 Weighted axial images.

5 mm thick FLAIR coronal images.

3 mm thick T2 Weighted coronal images.

5 mm thick T1 Weighted sagittal images.

OBSERVATION :

There is no focal area of altered signal intensity within the brain parenchyma.

There is mild dilatation of both the lateral, third and the fourth ventricles. There is prominence of the cortical sulcal spaces in the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellar folia bilaterally. The basal cisternal spaces are prominent. There is no shift of the midline structures. No obvious vascular anomaly is identified on this study.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, the exact etiology of which is undetermined.



Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12032

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc Xyz Dlmn / M / 45 yrs.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Lumbo-sacral Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

C/O backche radiating to the RLE (occasionally) since 1 month.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the lumbo-sacral spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

There is a small postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level with anterior indentation of the thecal sac.

A small, right paracentral peridiscal osteophyte is noted at the D12-L1 level.

Schmorls nodes are seen in the dorso-lumbar region. The lumbar intervertebral discs except for L3-L4 disc show loss of water content.

The lumbar vertebral bodies reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1 level and the thecal sac terminates at the S2 level.

The antero-posterior dimensions of the lumbar canal at the level of the intervertebral discs are as follows :

22.0 mm at L1-L2
18.0 mm at L2-L3
19.0 mm at L3-L4
18.0 mm at L4-L5
19.0 mm at L5-S1.
..2/.




IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of a postero-central disc herniation at the L5-S1 level.









Sunday, 27 December 2015 16:48

12031

ke/sb
Date : 00.00.00

Name of the Patient : Abc XyzSlmn / M / 35 yrs.
Referred by : Dr. Abc Xyztrak.
Examination : M.R.I. of the Dorsal Spine.

CLINICAL PROFILE :

Known C/O disseminated TB (chest, brain and spine) detected in December 0000. Received AKT for 3 years. Past H/O progressive paraplegia in April 0000.
Now C/O backache with residual paraplegia.

EXAMINATION :

M.R.I of the dorsal spine was performed using the following parameters :

5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted sagittal images.
5 mm thick T1 Weighted and T2 Weighted axial images.

OBSERVATION :

The dorsal spinal cord appears atrophic and shows a hypointense signal from the D3 level downwards upto the conus-cauda, centrally on the T1 Weighted images. This lesion is seen to turn hyperintense on the T2 Weighted images and represents a syrinx. Multiple septae are noted within the syrinx. The margins of the dorsal spinal cord appears irregular which would be suggestive of arachnoiditis.

The dorsal vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs reveal normal signal intensity. The facet joints and the visualized pre and paravertebral soft tissues are unremarkable.

The conus medullaris terminates at the L1-L2 level.

The cervical spine was screened with 5 mm thick T2 Weighted sagittal images, which shows small posterior disc bulges at the C4-C5 and C5-C6 levels.

IMPRESSION :

The MRI features are suggestive of a syrinx over the D3 level downwards upto the conus-cauda as described, with irregular margins of the dorsal spinal cord suggestive of previous arachnoiditis.